For over a century, Einstein’s theory of general relativity has underpinned our understanding of gravity. However, it still hasn’t been able to explain some of the most enduring mysteries in cosmology, including the need for vast quantities of dark matter, which has gone undetected for decades. Today, this need has been explained by Conformal Gravity: a framework which modifies Einstein’s theory by requiring that the laws of physics must stay the same, even if all fields are scaled up or down at every point in space and time. Through his research, Robert Nesbet of IBM’s Almaden Research Center argues that this principle – named ‘universal conformal symmetry’ – should apply to all fundamental fields. If correct, this framework could eliminate the need for dark matter and dark energy.